is lindane a severe marine pollutant

0000003168 00000 n [7] Worldwide, effective treatment options for the control of scabies and lice are relatively limited. [6] (see also Regulatory Status) The FDA, however, continues to support the use of lindane prescription medications, noting that The risk of occupational/environmental exposure should be assessed separately and independent of the risk related to the therapeutic use of a medication to treat a medical condition where there is direct benefit to the patient. ICSC 0053 - LINDANE - International Labour Organization This requirement may be met by the marking displayed on a freight container or portable tank loaded on a motor vehicle or rail car. [32][33] In the U.S., petitions to ban the use of pharmaceutical lindane have been rejected by the FDA and determined to be without merit by experts working with this regulatory agency. [7], In 1995, lindane medications were designated second-line and are now reserved for patients who are unable to tolerate or have failed first-line treatmentsa growing problem in the U.S. and elsewhere due to increased rates of resistance. trailer [29] Modern manufacturing standards for lindane involve the treatment and conversion of waste isomers to less toxic industrial chemicals, a process known as cracking.[26][29] Today, only a few production plants remain active worldwide to accommodate public health uses of lindane and declining agricultural needs. WebTherefore, if: (1) p-Dodecylphenol is a synonym to Dodecylphenol; and (2) the concentration of Dodecylphenol in the solution is at least one percent by weight, then the answer would be yes and "Lubrizol 9222R" would appear to be a marine pollutant. [11][12], While adverse reactions can occur with use of low-dose topical pharmaceutical formulations, serious effects are rare and have most often resulted from the misuse of medication. Molecular mass: 290.8 DEA methoxycinnamate. [7] [17] When used properly, lindane medications are safe and effective for the diseases they are approved. WebLINDANE ICSC: 0053 IMPORTANT DATA PHYSICAL STATE; APPEARANCE: ODOURLESS, WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER CHEMICAL DANGERS: On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming toxic and corrosive fumes including phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Web( d) The MARINE POLLUTANT mark is not required ( 1) On single packagings or combination packagings where each single package or each inner packaging of combination packagings has: ( i) A net quantity of 5 L (1.3 gallons) or less for liquids; or ( ii) A net The World Health Organization classifies lindane as "Moderately Hazardous," and its international trade is restricted and regulated under the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent. [20] The majority of studies of the general population have also shown no association between serum or breast tissue levels of lindane and breast cancer. [25] In 2002, the EPA concluded that lindane agricultural products were eligible for re-registration given industry compliance with certain data and labeling requirements to mitigate occupational risks to workers. Routes of exposure WebLINDANE: ICSC: 0053 (November 2016) gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane gamma-BHC gamma-HCH: CAS #: 58-89-9: UN #: 2761 EC Number: 200-401-2 ACUTE [15] Central nervous system stimulation ranging from dizziness to seizures, has also been reported; however, serious effects, like seizures, have almost always resulted from oral ingestion or misuse of medication (e.g., repeated treatments or prolonged applications). [15] (see also Pharmaceutical Uses) Lindane has not been shown to alter immunocompetence in humans and is not considered to be genotoxic. eCFR :: 49 CFR 171.4 -- Marine pollutants. Over time, lindane is broken down in soil, sediment and water into less harmful substances by algae, fungi and bacteria; however, the process is relatively slow and dependent on ambient environmental conditions. Long-term toxicity of lindane through oxidative stress and cell The EPA has approved the use of lindane stockpiles through 2009. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested. Camphor benzalkonium methosulfate. The most common side effects are nonserious reactions of the skin (e.g., burning, itching, dryness and rash). [28] More specifically, the EPA conducted down-the-drain estimates of the amount of lindane reaching public water supplies from the use of lindane medications using data from California water treatment facilities, concluding that lindane levels from pharmaceutical sources were extremely low and not of concern.[5]. eCFR :: 49 CFR 172.322 -- Marine pollutants. (a) For vessel transportation of each non-bulk packaging that contains a marine pollutant -, (1) For a proper shipping name used to describe a hazardous material that is a marine pollutant and assigned the letter G in column (1) of the 172.101 hazardous materials table or that contains the text n.o.s., the name of the component which makes the material a marine pollutant must be marked on the package in parentheses in association with the marked proper shipping name unless the proper shipping name identifies by name the component which makes the material a marine pollutant. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink, but NOT if convulsions occur. Separated from bases and food and feedstuffs. Refer for medical attention . WebLindane is released into the environment during and after agricultural application through volatilization into the atmosphere (estimated at 12-30%), where it has long-range transport potential and can be deposited by rainfall. In the U.S., lindane medications are approved for the treatment of scabies, pubic lice (crabs), and head lice. WebThe MARINE POLLUTANT mark must conform to the following: (1) Except for size, the MARINE POLLUTANT mark must appear as follows: Symbol (fish and tree): Black on UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: III, Prepared by an international group of experts on behalf of ILO and WHO, Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. [1] Vomiting and nausea are usual symptoms associated with oral ingestions of lindane but serious neurologic effects can occur, albeit less frequently. Severe Marine Pollutants - ReadyGo Lindane, also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) and benzene hexachloride (BHC), is an organochlorine insecticide that has been used in agriculture and in pharmaceutical products for the treatment of headlice and scabies. LINDANE A REVIEW OF TOXICITY AND WebLindane Can Be Toxic to Humans Lindane, also known as g-hexachlorocyclohexane (g-HCH), is commonly used in shampoos and other topical treatments for head lice and Lindane persists in the environment and bioaccumulates as an organochlorine pesticide and can pose risks to ecological environments and human Diarrhoea. Lindane (Ref: OMS 17) - University of Hertfordshire (b) Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, a bulk packaging that contains a marine pollutant must -, (1) Be marked with the MARINE POLLUTANT mark on at least two opposing sides or two ends other than the bottom if the packaging has a capacity of less than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons). pollution 0000003484 00000 n Lindane (Persistant Organic Pollutant) in the EU, Best Practices of De-Contamination Exchanged. [4][25] The latter includes the U.S. and Canada, which support public health uses of pharmaceutical lindane but no longer allow agricultural applications. The mark may be displayed in black lettering on a square-on-point configuration having the same outside dimensions as a placard. (3) Transitional exception. However, a significant amount of Lindane is also found in Lindane has long been associated with pollution due to its long persistence and quick accumulation in fatty tissues. 0000050404 00000 n The companys promotion agreement with Alliant Pharmaceuticals, which commenced in 2005, was terminated May 2007. WebLindane is considered to be highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and moderately toxic to birds and mammals. 0000001327 00000 n [1] The ecological impact of lindanes environmental persistence continues to be debated. The symbol and border must be black on a white or suitable contrasting background. [6] Most exposure of the general population to lindane results from agricultural uses and the intake of contaminated foods, such as produce, meats and milk. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the marking remains clearly visible. Decomposes on heating and on burning. 104 22 For materials described using UN3077, Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. and UN3082, Environmentally hazardous substance, liquid, n.o.s., see 172.102(c)(1), special provision 441 for additional provisions; and. 0 0000002475 00000 n [7], Based on these findings, lindane lotion and lindane shampoo were limited to small unit-dose bottles in 2003 by the FDA to mitigate the risk of misuse and further enhance product safety. %%EOF Your browser does not support JavaScript. 0000006477 00000 n WebLindane is a persistent organic pollutant: it is relatively long-lived in the environment, it is transported long distances by natural processes like global distillation, and it can In 2003, the FDA published a safety analysis of adverse events reported in association with the use of lindane medications received through its adverse event monitoring system (AERS database) between from 1974 through 2002. Find out more about the company LUMITOS and our team. [7], In the face of negative publicity concerning lindane pharmaceutical products, the U.S. manufacturer, Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals, filed a legal complaint on February 6, 2007 in the U.S. District Court in Chicago, Illinois against the National Pediculosis Association, the Ecology Center, Inc., and two physicians for statements made and disseminated to healthcare providers and consumers using the internet and through a series of printed literature . Risk of fire and explosion if formulations contain flammable/explosive solvents. WebLindane is considered a marine pollutant, and special requirements have been set for marking, labeling, and transporting this material. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable. In 2001, the Environmental Protection Agencys Cancer Assessment Review Committee for lindane downgraded the carcinogenic classification of lindane from possible to suggestive evidence, concluding that the data did not support the need for further study of the carcinogenic risks in humans. This study investigates acute toxicity and histological effects of Lindane insecticide on intestinal tissues of immature grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). For these purposes, 105 fish were exposed to different concentrations of Lindane for 96 h in 5 groups with 3 replications. <<77808EBE95D8C749B7A9AFF580CD8412>]>> [7][8][9] The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also includes lindane medications in their Sexually Transmitted Disease Treatment Guidelines as viable treatment alternatives for the management of scabies and pubic lice, consistent with the approved prescription labeling for these products. [10] (see also Pharmaceutical Uses) Other countries, like Canada, similarly approve of pharmaceutical applications for lindane but no longer permit its broader use agriculturally. The International HCH and Pesticide Forum has since been established to bring together experts to address the clean-up and containment of these sites. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 does not support some functions on Chemie.DE. The mark must be visible from the direction it faces. Ethyl-4-aminobenzoate. Web4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Vomiting. In addition, there were 46 hospitalizations, and seven life-threatening outcomesfive from the same household. Great care, however, should be taken to avoid any additional release, for example through inappropriate disposal. ];pGvZo~z8i##N7M3|cruvx}qLY^*PqoWU-;yr$z:9~sro?6N9iC0Y 6)?S9xwQ(elU[3+s]q-{ Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Cough. "[14], The most common side effects associated with topical use of lindane medications are nonserious reactions of the skin, including burning, itching, dryness and rash. %PDF-1.6 % (2) Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, the MARINE POLLUTANT mark shall be placed in association with the hazard warning labels required by subpart E of this part or, in the absence of any labels, in association with the marked proper shipping name. (B) Bulk packages with a capacity of less than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons); or. However, lindane medications remain available in Canada for public health purposes as non-prescription therapies. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment.
Shackelford Obituaries Waynesboro, Tn, Exclusive Right Of Sale Listing Agreement Florida 2019, Andrew Bynum On Kobe Death, Articles I