(Nov 2010), Evaluate the successes and failures of one ruler of a single-party state (May 2007, 2005), In what ways, and with what results, was propaganda used byoneruler of a single-party state? The Fascist party wanted to crush the existing 'liberal' rulers, but Mussolini allowed many officials to continue working for the state. Dont assume western democracy will last forever, Ukraine ammunition depot reportedly hit in wave of Russian missile attacks. Direct link to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy's post mussolini created a dicta, Posted a month ago. Try as they will to distort reality and spin fables, the many nondemocratic leaders and regimes that have stumbled in tackling the pandemic now face citizens with powerful new grounds for grievance and distrust. Authoritarian State (Castro) Emergence of Authoritarian States Conditions in which the authoritarian state emerged (Economic-Social Division-Impact of War-Weakness of Political System) Conditions Economic Factors: o In the 19th Century, Cuba's economy entirely depended on the exportation of slave produced goods and trade with the U.S o U.S companies owned many Cuban plantations Angry at the growing resistance, Japanese troops killed as many as 300,000 civilians. The Fascists soon followed up with assaults throughout the region. Compare and contrastthe importance ofthe use of force on the emergence of twoauthstates,each from a different region, Evaluate the impact of domestic economic policies on the maintenance of power in two AS, each from a different region. Russia/USSR - Lenin ItalyMussolini GermanyHitler USSRStalin ChinaMao Emergence of authoritarian states Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system - abortion and divorce were illegal, -Racism appeared a bit in Romanita movement: 'prestigious race' needed to create and maintain empire France and the three Baltic states of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia were among the member states on Monday to summon Chinas envoys to account for the comments made late last week by Lu Shaye, which sparked a wave of outrage across Europe. Millions of veterans were crippled in body and in spirit. How was authoritarianism implemented in Italy? Yet many authoritarians instead misuse subnational governance as a flak jacketa shield for deflecting responsibility and criticism more than for solving governance challenges. There were no bureaucrats to rein in the Fascists. Explore Museum suggestions for where to begin teaching about the Holocaust. By using this website, you agree to our cookie policy. Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion; the role of leaders; ideology; the use of force; propaganda . To what extent did economic factors contribute to the emergence of two authoritarian states, each from a di erent region? In some ways, their actions were like experiments, pushing the boundaries of authoritarian rule to see what they could get away with. - Explain the repeated waves of escape and the establishment of Little Havana in Florida, 98-9 - Outline the use of coercion by Castro as a form of social control. In 2019, an EU policy document described China as simultaneously a partner, economic competitor and systemic rival, but different member states attach different weight to each part of that assessment. irreconcilable disparities that were rooted in the different political conditions and traditions of each country. The pandemic has provided a trigger or opportunity for numerous nondemocratic or illiberal governments to impose new restrictions on civil liberties, persecute opponents, limit protests, delay elections, and introduce new mass surveillance techniques. The Italian foreign minister, Antonio Tajani, said he also disagreed with Lus comments. During this time, about one-third of the Communist Party's three million members were killed. In recent months, countries such as Algeria, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Russia, Thailand, and Uzbekistan have passed so-called fake news laws related to the pandemic that criminalize criticisms of their governments responses to the public health emergency or even reporting of pandemic conditions that does not match the governments preferred narratives. But it is likely to contribute to the significant authoritarian shakiness that has made itself felt over the past decade. The democratic nature of the Weimar Republic paradoxically led directly to the creation of Nazi authoritarian state, as it created an environment of expression and new ideas in which Nazism flourished. PDF A History Of Korean Literature (PDF) Summarise Castro's rise to power in terms of: - conditions faced; mistakes + weaknesses of others, Compare and contrast the role of propaganda in the emergence of two authoritarian states, each from different regions. The Path to Nazi Genocide, NARRATOR: Germany has awakened! Middle class savings were wiped out as severe inflation left the currency worthless. Despite Nazi terror and brutal suppression of their opponents, many German citizens willingly accepted or actively supported these extreme measures in favor of order and security. By the end of the second close read, you should be able to answer the following questions: Finally, here are some questions that will help you focus on why this article matters and how it connects to other content youve studied. However, he was not a, A poor harvest in 1931-32 was made worse by Soviet economic policies. (May 05), Compare and contrast the repressive policies of Hitler and Stalin. China respects the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries and upholds the purposes and principles of the United Nations charter, she said, describing the countrys stance on Ukraine as objective and fair. In Singapores elections in early July, the main opposition party won more seats than any opposition force has in decades, at least partly due to citizens discontent over the governments pandemic response. By censuring Li instead of acting on his alerts, local authorities may have facilitated the coronaviruss unchecked spread; consequently, Lis death from the virus in early February sparked an outpouring of anger and grief on Chinese social media. Organic online politics: Farmers, Facebook, and Myanmar's military coup Paper Two essays will expect students to analyse one or two authoritarian states on a topic inked to one of the themes on the prescribed content. To do so, three practices are studied . Numerous nondemocracies, from Russia and Iran to Venezuela and Togo, have been rocked by significant protests. The major conditions that led to an authoritarian state were treaties that were signed in the 20 th century. The theoretical framework of this study on democratic and authoritarian post-colonial states is based on an historical study of the emergence of the dominant class forces that shaped the types of regimes found in Malaysia and Indonesia. The fighting in northern Italy had shaped the Fascist movement in four ways: By 1922, with these experiences behind them, Mussolini and his followers liked their chances of taking over Italy. Six people died. -Frequent changes of chancellor. Using these definitions, evaluate which of these terms can appropriately be applied to this government. Why do you think so many people in Italy, Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union embraced fascist or authoritarian ideologies and actions, even those that were violent and repressive. At the end of the third read, you should be able to respond to these questions: In this unit we see the rise of governments that have certain political characteristics. . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1.) To probe the potential political consequences of the pandemic for authoritarian regimes, it is useful to look more closely at why many have fallen short in their responses to the coronavirus. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system. In Eritrea, President Isaias Afwerki did not speak to the country from mid-February through mid-April. (Nov 10)), Analyse the circumstances that helpedoneright-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. 1. They work together. Hitler: Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: best of - Quizlet Unsurprisingly, the economic conditions in a nation have long played an integral role in the emergence of authoritarian states, with such an idea perfectly illustrated through the establishment of Benito Mussolini's fascist authoritarian state . Italian rule included segregation, and policies prohibited interracial relations. - DEPENDANT GERMANY Italy became increasingly more dependant on Nazi Germany --> Germany supported when League of Nations tried to oppose their aggression 97. The result was a state that, while authoritarian, was never really totalitarian within the territory of Italy. Fascism is a political ideology that emphasizes the importance of the nation-state, while Nazism is a specific form of fascism that is based on the belief in racial superiority. Amy Elizabeth Robinson is a freelance writer, editor, and historian with a Ph.D. in the History of Britain and the British Empire from Stanford University. The maintenance of power was dependent on the successful control of opposition.. (May 10 TZ2), In what ways, and to what extent, was propaganda important in the rise and rule of Hitler? However, as we have seen, Mussolini's compromises with conservatives and liberal elites put up too many obstacles for this plan to succeed. Compare and contrast the conditions that led to the rise to power of two authoritarian/single-party leaders. Authoritarianism | Definition, History, Examples, & Facts PDF Authoritarian State (Castro) - DocDroid This report sets out six types of authoritarian challenges: military threats, such as annexation of territory, hybrid warfare and assertive behaviour; coercion, through political and economic efforts to intimidate and cajole; How successful were they? After local resistance was crushed, Mussolini's regime established a tight grip over the region. "The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by economic factors." Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. 85-86 - What challenges did he face in 1959 and how did he overcome them in the years that followed? that a minimum of three authoritarian states should be studied. Under the pressure of unending carnage, governments toppled and great empires dissolved. Fascists portrayed the war as Italy's "civilizing mission" or the need for "military security". 97- - How did Castro deal with the media? - Outline Castro's health and education policies. 100-01 - What economic policies did the Government introduce to deal with the issues that Cuba faced? 83 - How did Castro's policies on elections + INRA reflect this shift? Political Instability. Standards of behavior were changing. More than fifty million people from around the world visited the Universal Expositiona worlds fair intended to promote greater understanding and tolerance among nations, and to celebrate the new century, new inventions, exciting progress. of three authoritarian states should be studied. All rights reserved. They did not use race. (Nov 2009), Analyse the methods used and the conditions which helped in the rise to power ofoneruler of a single-party state. What impact did this have? Authoritarian States: Hitler - OUR DP HISTORY CLASS WITH MS. CHENEY Weimar Republic: -Unpopular economic policies. The conquest of Ethiopia prompted Fascists to set harsher boundaries of who could be assimilated and who could not. Consolidation and maintenance of power. Discuss with reference to one authoritarian state. We call these characteristics fascism, authoritarianism, and totalitarianism. . HItler a Career" by Joachim Fest - the preview: Create your own unique website with customizable templates. There are still "meaningful democratic institutions" (Levitsky and Way 2010a, 20) within these erstwhile authoritarian regimes.8 What Through violence, they had become what one historian called, "a. Article III of the OAU Refugee Convention in Context: the Emergence of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Citizens surging discontent toward many authoritarian countries may not necessarily translate into immediate political instability or change. Asked if China stood behind the envoys remarks, the foreign ministrys spokesperson Mao Ning said China had been one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with former Soviet states. PDF Making Sense of Competitive Authoritarianism: Lessons from - Cambridge In a tightly controlled referendum on Sunday, Uzbeks voted on changes that would extend presidential terms from five to seven years and allow Mirziyoyev to serve two more terms. It got a bad name': the death of the post-Soviet dream, Russia-Ukraine war as it happened: explosion derails Russian train; at least 34 injured after Pavlohrad attack, Myhunting trip with Yeltsin killed off the Soviet Union, UKexpected to stop funding Chinese state-linked Mandarin teaching schools, Russia-Ukraine war at a glance: what we know on day 432 of the invasion, TheSoviet Union collapsed overnight. To what extent did popular support for the aims and ideology of one authoritarian/single-party. Castro's Cuba | historychamps It did this by creating states with limited capacity to provide services and police their own territories. P2 - Authoritarian States | historychamps Evaluate the treatment of religious groups and minorities in two authoritarian states, each chosen from a different region. In 1935, the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws. Before you read the article, you should skim it first. The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly PPTX What is an Authoritarian State? - Weebly In lieu of claiming that the coronavirus was invisible and therefore not present, quite a few authoritarian leaders have made themselves invisible instead. Additionally, the study shows how the continued use of practices from authoritarian times revealed the weakness of the democratic transition in Myanmar. 'Chosen Leader' Theology Is Destroying Democracy This resulted in the Great Purge of 1936-38. Account for theineffectiveness of internal opposition to two rulers of single-party states. Green Politics Could Have an Outsized Impact on Trkiyes Elections, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center, Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program. - MORE PEOPLE BIGGER ITALY According to . . The devastating economic effects of lockdown measures have pressured all governments to find a workable balance between public health concerns and citizens economic needs. (May 2008, TZ2), Evaluate the successes and failures of one ruler of a single-party state. After initial success in containing the virus, Singapore was struck by subsequent outbreaks among its population of migrant workers. The new governments first targets were political opponents. It is hollowing out democratic institutions and enhancing the tools of repression in developing countries. We draw on over a decade of fieldwork in the Salween River Basin where dams and diversions have been proposed since 1979, including the most recent iteration, the Yuam . The emergence of authoritarian states is a fascinating way of exploring the History Rising Big Question on Perspectives. NARRATOR: The Hitler Youth in Germany, for example, had much in common with Mussolini's youth associations. If two examples are required these will need to be from different regions. IB History HL & SL Authoritarian States (Hitler) notes Nazi propaganda chief Joseph Goebbels planned to win over those who were still unconvinced. Analyze the conditions that enabled one left-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. 88-89 - What other external threats existed? [2010] 17. (goal: increase acceptance of fascist ideology {many ignored indoctrination aspects}), 3.) Authoritarian Weaknesses and the Pandemic - Carnegie Endowment for Finally, issues with political legitimacy have also hurt some authoritarians pandemic policies. It was a cataclysm that darkened the worlds view of humanity and its future. colonial rule (1910-1945). German authorities sent thousands, including leftist members of Parliament, to newly established concentration camps. While downplaying more extreme goals, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party offered simple solutions to Germanys problems, exploiting peoples fears, frustrations, and hopes to win broad support. Conditions That Led to Emergence of Authoritarian State in 20th Century An authoritarian regime focuses on the maintenance of order at the expense of personal freedom. But they are a minority in the authoritarian camp, and regimes with relatively successful pandemic responses are not guaranteed to reap political benefits from their actions. Compare and contrast the impact of the policies of two authoritarian states on women. Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. For instance, the Versailles treaty of Germany after the first world war led to resistance as some political powers felt humiliated by the agreements that were to be signed by the parties. CBI opens investigations into suspected misuse of MSEI funds Unit Objectives: Authoritarian and Single Party States. But this challenge is especially difficult for governments that do not enjoy the legitimacy that comes from winning free and fair elections and that instead rely heavily on economic performance as their primary source of popular legitimacy. In the 1920s, Mussolini pursued an aggressive foreign policy. The post illustrates what we call organic online politics, or forms of digital mobilization that grow from specific rural conditions, material concerns, and repertoires of resistance.In advancing this concept, we argue that online politics are shaped not only by authoritarian repression and national political trajectories, but also by rural communities and their histories. Colonial aggression also contributed to the rise of Italian racism. The Nazi Rise to Power | Holocaust Encyclopedia Namely, that certain groups, especially Jews, could not assimilate and would have to be removed entirely so the nation could thrive. He had plans to expand into the Balkans and acquire Albania as a territory. Yet this discouraging near-term political picture becomes less ominous, or at least less clear-cut, if one looks down the road. The emperor "The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by economic factors." Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. Although Chinese citizens mobilized to respond to the pandemic by using social media to procure scarce protective gear or find open hospital beds, the Chinese Communist Partys long-standing distrust of civil society has hindered potential collaboration between government officials and volunteers. (May 06), Analyse the methods used and the conditions which helped in the rise to power of one ruler of a single-party state. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system; Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion; the role of leaders; ideology; the use of force . 4.1 The emergence of the authoritarian state in Germany, 1919-1934 164 4.2 Hitler's consolidation of power, 1934-1935 183 4.3 The aims and results of Nazi policies 210 . Authoritarian States -PACT OF STEELE formal military alliance committing Italy to fight on Germany's side in the event of war Course: World History Project - 1750 to the Present, World History Project - 1750 to the Present. 87-88 - What internal threats existed to Castro and how were they dealt with? The fighting nourished the Fascists belief in violence as the true path to manhood. Chinese trend for using photo of film star to get better service sweeps social media, More than 20,000 Russian soldiers killed in five months in Ukraine, US says, Chinese journalist arrested on charges of espionage, 'Democracy was hijacked. - DAMAGEdamages relationship with France and Britain The German banking system collapsed, and by 1930 unemployment skyrocketed to 22%. Battle for Lira: Fail (tried to revalue Lira but artificially raised value which resulted in declining exports), -Breeders He used the jail time to dictate his political ideas in a book,Mein KampfMy Struggle. Finally, the outcome of the campaign affirmed the Fascist view that, at the end of the day, violent struggle led to power. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system, 2.) 2016. Advances in the technology of killing included the use of poison gas. Italian fascism emerged in the economic crisis of the 1920s and 1930s. In Egypt and Russia, doctors who criticize or challenge the governments response to the pandemic risk detention or physical retaliation. 'Domestic policy rarely managed to achieve its aims', Discuss how far you agree with this statement with reference to two authoritarian states you have studied, both from different regions. Before you read the article, you should skim it first. The skim should be very quick and give you the gist (general idea) of what the article is about. The early deterioration of the post-colonial African state into personalized and authoritarian rule in this manner mirrored the concerns that anchor refugee law in the first place as a special regime for persons who have well-grounded fear of persecution by reason of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or . Democratic Authoritarianism: Origins and Effects | Annual Review of Four key weaknesses are manifest. Angry, aggrieved citizens are not a solid foundation for regime durability. 94 - How Communist was Castro? READ: Fascism in Italy (article) | Khan Academy Crises states are induced by: War, including the aftermath of war. Many political parties had their own paramilitary units to attack opponents and intimidate voters.